Constipation is a common digestive issue caused by infrequent bowel movements or difficulty in passing stools. It occurs when the stool moves too slowly through the digestive tract, leading to the absorption of excess water and resulting in dry, hard stools that are difficult to pass.
Constipation during pregnancy - Causes & solutions
What are the causes of constipation during pregnancy?
Constipation during pregnancy can be caused by a combination of a few factors. Here are some specific causes:
1. Hormonal changes: Elevated levels of the hormone progesterone can have a relaxing effect on the muscles in the body, including the muscles of the digestive tract. This relaxation can slow down the movement of food through the digestive system, leading to constipation.
2. Pressure on the intestines: As the uterus expands to accommodate the growing baby, it can exert pressure on the intestines. Hence, this pressure can slow down the passage of stool through the colon, leading to constipation.
3. Iron supplements: Iron is often prescribed during pregnancy to present or treat iron-deficiency anaemia. However, iron supplements can be constipating for some women.
4. Prenatal Vitamins: Some prenatal vitamins, especially those containing iron and calcium, can sometimes contribute to constipation. These nutrients are crucial for the health of both the mother and the developing baby, so it’s important to find a balance between meeting nutritional needs and managing constipation.
5. Dehydration: Pregnant women may experience an increased demand for fluids, and dehydration might contribute to constipation. It’s essential to stay well-hydrated during pregnancy.
6. Changes in diet: Pregnancy can bring about changes in dietary habits. If a woman’s diet lacks sufficient nutrients from fruits, vegetables and whole grains, constipation may occur.
7. Reduced Physical Activity: Pregnancy symptoms such as fatigue and physical discomfort may lead to a decrease in physical activity. Regular exercise can help stimulate bowel movements and improve overall digestion.
8. Hemorrhoids: Constipation can lead to straining during bowel movements, which may contribute to the development of hemorrhoids. It may cause pain and discomfort too.
9. Medication: Some medications, including antacids and pain relievers, may contribute to constipation.
It’s important for pregnant women to address constipation in a way that is safe for both the mother and the developing baby. Lifestyle and dietary adjustments, such as increasing fiber intake, staying hydrated, and engaging in regular physical activity, are often recommended. If constipation persists or is severe, it’s advisable for pregnant women to consult with their healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance such as laxatives in pregnancy.
Remedies for constipation during pregnancy
Preventing constipation involves adopting lifestyle and dietary habits that promote regular bowel movements. Here are some tips to prevent constipation:
1. Eat a high-fiber diet: Include plenty of fiber-rich foods in your diet, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and bran cereals. Aim for at least 25 to 30 grams of fiber per day.
2. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Adequate hydration helps soften stools and supports normal bowel function.
3. Exercise Regularly: Engage in regular, moderate exercise, as recommended by your healthcare provider. Exercise helps stimulate bowel movements and promotes overall digestive health.
4. Establish a regular bathroom routine : Try to go to the bathroom at the same time each day, preferably after meals. The body’s natural reflexes are often most active after eating.
5. Don’t ignore the urge to have a bowel movement: When you feel the urge to have a bowel movement, don’t postpone it. Ignoring the urge can lead to harder stools and constipation.
6. Limit intake of constipating foods: Reduce the consumption of foods that can contribute to constipation, such as processed foods, dairy products and red meat.
7. Consider probiotics: Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can promote a healthy balance in the gut. They may help regulate bowel movements. Probiotics can be found in some yoghurts or taken as supplements.
8. Be cautious with certain medications: Some medications, including certain pain relievers and antacids, can contribute to constipation. If you are taking such medications regularly, discuss alternatives with your healthcare provider.
9. Consider your iron intake: If you are taking iron supplements and experiencing constipation, talk to your healthcare provider. They may adjust the dosage or recommend dietary changes.
When should you speak with your doctor?
- Persistent constipation: If you’ve tried lifestyle and dietary modifications, such as increasing fiber intake, staying hydrated, and exercising, but constipation persists, it’s time to consult your healthcare provider.
- Severe discomfort or pain: If you experience severe discomfort, pain, or blood in your stool, it's crucial to seek medical attention.
- New orworsening symptoms: If you notice new or worsening symptoms associated with constipation, such as abdominal swelling, vomiting or weight loss, it’s important to inform your healthcare provider.
- Medication concerns: If you are considering or already taking over-the-counter medications, including stool softeners or laxatives, it’s crucial to discuss this with your healthcare provider before starting any new medication during pregnancy.
- Dehydration: If you are experiencing signs of dehydration, such as dark urine, infrequent urination, or extreme thirst, it’s important to seek medical attention.
Can constipation affect your developing baby?
Constipation itself is not likely to directly harm your developing baby during pregnancy. However, if constipation is severe and prolonged, it can lead to discomfort for the mother, and certain complications might indirectly affect the developing baby.
What should you do in cases of postpartum constipation?
Welcoming a new life into the world is an exhilarating yet challenging experience. One common issue that many women face during this time is postpartum constipation. Postpartum constipation is not often discussed but it is a common concern that may affect the well-being of a mom during the adjustment of her new role. Hence, it is crucial to be understanding and addressing postpartum constipation can help new mothers navigate this transitional phase with greater ease and comfort, allowing them to focus on the joys of motherhood.
Below are some tips you can use if you are experiencing postpartum constipation:
● Drink lots of fluids (at least eight to ten glasses of water every day)
● Include things like green vegetables, whole grain, bread, and fruits in your diet
● Get plenty of rest
● Drink warm liquid every morning
● Eat prunes (a natural laxative)
● Use mild laxatives or fiber supplements if other methods do not work
Frequently asked questions on constipation in pregnancy:
How to deal with constipation in pregnancy?
● Drink lots of fluids (at least eight to ten glasses of water every day)
● Include things like green vegetables, whole grain, bread, and fruits in your diet
● Get plenty of rest
● Drink warm liquid every morning
● Eat prunes (a natural laxative)
● Use mild laxatives or fiber supplements if other methods do not work
What is safe to take for constipation while pregnant?
High-fiber foods such as fruits, vegetables and healthy fats. Foods that are high in magnesium can help to relax the muscles in the intestine and can aid in relieving constipation.
How long can constipation during pregnancy last?
Constipation duration can vary based on the severity from woman to woman. In most cases, constipation is temporary and may resolve on its own with simple changes in lifestyle and diet. However, if its prolonged to a certain time period, it’s crucial to address the issue and get professional healthcare providers‘ diagnosis to ensure appropriate management and promote a healthy pregnancy experience.
Are stool softeners safe during pregnancy?
Stool softeners are generally considered safe for use during pregnancy when used as directed and under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Stool softeners work by drawing water into the stool, making it softer and easier to pass, which can help alleviate constipation.
